Madd
Madd means stretching sound.
Alif with jabar before it. Ex: قَالَ
Short Form Khara Jabar. Ex: ذٰلِكَ
Ya Sakin with jer before it. Ex : یَهْدِیْهِمْ
Short Form Khara Jer. Ex: قَبْلِهٖ
Wow sakin with pesh before it. Ex: یَكْفُرُوْنَ
Short form Ulta pesh. Ex: یُعِیْدُهٗ